MADALINA MOCANU, MAGDA BADESCU, IULIAN-COSTIN LUPU, OANA-VIOLA BADULESCU<br>Relevance of Autoantibodies Identified by Fluorescence <br>Enzyme Immunoassay Technique in Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

MADALINA MOCANU, MAGDA BADESCU, IULIAN-COSTIN LUPU, OANA-VIOLA BADULESCU
Relevance of Autoantibodies Identified by Fluorescence
Enzyme Immunoassay Technique in Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Abstract:

Chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura is an autoimmune disorder characterized by premature hyper-destruction of platelet in peripheral blood and their deficient synthesis in bone marrow. The chronic immune purpura could be of primary, idiopathic cause, as well as of secondary cause, occurring in the context of other pathologies. The characteristic of the primary form of the disease is the presence of isolated thrombocytopenia, defined by a decreased number of circulating platelets (under 100,000/mm3 in peripheral blood), in the absence of supporting causes for thrombocytopenia. Secondary thrombocytopenia may be associated with other pathologies such as autoimmune diseases. The decreased platelet count is due to associated pathologies involving an immune mechanism, responsible for the occurrence of thrombocytopenia. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by the presence of various types of autoantibodies. Laboratory tests are very important to diagnosis and to guide therapy in autoimmune diseases. This study aims to emphasize the importance of fluorescence enzyme immunoassay technique for determinate the antinuclear antibodies. This antibodies are positives in many autoimmune diseases involved in the etiopathogeny of secondary immune thrombocytopeni, such systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis. Furthermore, the study was conducted on a sample of 40 patients, divided into two groups: the first group comprising asymptomatic patients diagnosed with thrombocytopenia following routine tests, and the second group comprising patients with hemorrhagiparous symptomatology (petechiae, ecchymoses, epistaxis, gingivorrhagia), who went to the doctor in order to determine the etiology of the hemorrhagiparous syndrome. The average value of the thrombocytopenia of the patients included in the study was of 45.93 ± 20.10 x103/µL. Laboratory investigations performed in order to establish the etiology of thrombocytopenia showed that 80% of patients presented positive antiplatelet antibodies. Moreover, 20% of patients in the study showed positive anti-double-stranded DNA, 20% were identified with IgG anticardiolipin antibodies, while antinuclear antibodies were present in 10% of patients. Keywords: Thrombocytopenic purpura, antiplatelet antibodies, antinuclear antibodies, immunofluorescence method

Issue: 2015, Volume 66, Issue 10

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